Indonesia - Planted area for pulpwood

Years available: 2015-2024

Data last updated: 5 Dec 2025

Pulpwood plantation area represents the extent of productive industrial pulpwood, most commonly Acacia mangium and Acacia crassicarpa. It was calculated using data provided by Gaveau et al. (2022), who mapped the annual expansion of industrial pulpwood plantations by visually inspecting a time series of cloud-free Landsat composites from 2000 to 2024. They also referred to indicative maps of pulpwood concessions and reviewed various online and press reports to identify the locations of these plantations. Because the mapped expansion year reflects the establishment rather than the mature stage contributing to trade flows, we applied a six-year lag between the detected expansion and the calculation of active pulpwood plantation area. For example, deforestation detected in 2016 for pulpwood production is interpreted as a productive plantation in 2022. The boundaries of the plantations were delineated at a 1:50,000 scale based on expert photo interpretation. Beyond spectral information, the visual interpretation also incorporated the structure of the landscape. Pulpwood plantations typically appear as long linear or rectangular blocks located near harvesting trails, with lower density than that of other forestry crops such as oil palm. The final mapped area includes recently harvested, immature, and mature stands, as well as failed plantations. Scattered community plantations were not reported, as they are more difficult to detect through remote sensing.